Question 1

Boulder experiences identical atmospheric conditions on two consecutive nights, except that Night 1 feature calm winds and Night 2 features gusty winds. Which night will feature a warmer low temperature and why?

1. Night 1; calm winds allow for stronger radiation cooling near the ground
2. Night 1; calm winds permit a strong temperature inversion to develop
3. Night 2; gusty winds permit a strong temperature inversion to develop
4. Night 2; gusty winds prevent the development of a temperature inversion

Question 2

Why are temperatures along the coast of the Pacific Ocean colder than at locations farther inland during the middle of a summer day?

1. The specific heat of water is much larger than the specific heat of land
2. The specific heat of land is much larger than the specific heat of water
3. Evaporation over the open ocean acts to cool the surrounding environment
4. A and C
5. B and C

Question 3

Which of the four U.S. cities listed below features the largest difference between their average summer temperature and their average winter temperature?

1. Minneapolis, MN
2. San Francisco, CA
3. Seattle, WA
4. Miami, FL

Question 4

Which atmospheric variable, on its own, describes the amount of water vapor present within the environment at a particular location?

1. Saturation vapor pressure
2. Actual temperature
3. Dew point temperature
4. Relative humidity

Question 5

Oklahoma City, OK, features a 7pm CT temperature of 75 degrees F on two consecutive nights. On Night 1, the dew point temperature is 65 degrees F, while on Night 2, the dew point temperature is 50 degrees F. If all other atmospheric conditions are equal between the two nights, which night will feature a colder low temperature and why?

1. Night 1; higher dew point temperatures imply greater amounts of water vapor in the environment. Water vapor is particularly effective at emitting longwave radiation to space
2. Night 1; higher dew point temperatures imply reduced amounts of water vapor in the environment. The lack of water vapor allows for more radiation emitted from Earth to escape to space
3. Night 2; lower dew point temperatures imply greater amounts of water vapor in the environment. Water vapor does not absorb longwave radiation emitted from Earth
4. Night 2; lower dew point temperatures imply reduced amounts of water vapor in the environment. The lack of water vapor allows for more radiation emitted from Earth to escape to space

Question 6

The figure provided above shows the temperature and dew point temperature in Boulder between 14:00 MT on January 30, 2021 and 16:00 MT on January 31, 2021. At what time is the relative humidity the lowest?

1. 23:00 MT on January 30, 2021
2. 15:00 MT on January 31, 2021
3. 7:30 MT on January 31, 2021
4. 16:00 MT on January 30, 2021

Question 7

The figure provided above shows the saturation vapor pressure (red line) as a function of temperature. What is the relative humidity of an air parcel with a temperature of 35 degrees C and a dew point temperature of 20 degrees C?

1. 41%
2. 57%
3. 72%
4. 243%

Question 8

If an air parcel initially has a relative humidity of 25% when the temperature is 30 degrees C. What is the relative humidity of the air parcel if its temperature is cooled to 10 degrees C and no water vapor is removed from the parcel?

1. 25%
2. 6%
3. 5%
4. 100%

Question 9

Choose all that apply: Which of the following processes, on their own, would cause an increase in the relative humidity of an air parcel?

1. The temperature of the air parcel increases
2. The temperature of the air parcel decreases
3. The evaporation of liquid water into the air parcel
4. The melting of ice within the air parcel

Question 10

The passage of a strong cold front over Lake Michigan ushers in unseasonably cold air during early Fall. When this unseasonably cold air passes over Lake Michigan, what type of fog results?

1. Radiation fog
2. Advection fog
3. Steam/Evaporation fog
4. Velvet fog

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