hypothesis, theory,guess.

CIRCLE OR HIGHLIGHT the correct answer for the following questions; then after each, you will be asked to provide a rationale for your answer, an explanation, or example. DO NOT LEAVE ANY BLANK LINE ON THE TEST UNANSWERED.

1. A collection of related ideas and observations that describe, explain, and predict behavior and mental processes is called a
a. theory. c. proposal.
b. guess. d. hypothesis.

Please provide an example of this concept by coming up with an idea for your own scientific, psychological study. Just make one up! Think of a research idea that interests you and you have questions about. In one paragraph, tell me what your study would be and where this concept would fall within your study:

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2. The final step in the scientific method is to
a. draw conclusions. c. conduct a research review.
b. collect and analyze data. d. report results.

Please provide an example of this step in the scientific method by using your own scientific, psychological study you came up with in question #1. In one paragraph, tell me where and how this concept would fall within your study:

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In questions 3 through 7, MATCH each of the following research methods (a-e) with the statement which best describes it. Write the concept in the space next to the statement:

a. naturalistic observation d. case study
b. laboratory observation e. survey
c. correlational study
3. This method allows researchers to gather self-report data from a representative sample of the population. ______________________________

Please provide an example of this method in the scientific, psychological study you came up with in question 1. If you were to conduct your study using this method, how would you go about doing so? In one paragraph, tell me how you would utilize this method:

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4. This method involves determining the strength of relationship between two variables, though cause and effect cannot be determined. _________________________________

Please provide an example of this method in your own scientific, psychological study. In one paragraph, what variable you might utilize to determine strength of relationships:

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5. This method allows researchers to observe behaviors while maintaining control of the environment. ________________________________

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6. This method involves collecting extensive data on one person of interest. __________________

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7. This method allows researchers to observe behaviors that are more natural or spontaneous.
_____________________________

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MATCH each of the following perspectives with the statement below which best describes it. Write it in the space below the statement. Then there is a paragraph to complete at the end of each question. Please do not leave it blank.
a. Humanistic b. Psychoanalytic c. Cognitive d. Behaviorism

8. This perspective focused on mental processes, such as decision-making and memory:

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Describe a situation in a public school classroom in which this school of thought might be necessary and appropriate over the others.

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9. This perspective believes people are basically “good” and driven to reach their full potential.

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Describe a situation in a public school classroom in which this school of thought might be necessary and appropriate over the others.

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10. Freud focused on the unconscious mind and on early childhood experiences.

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Describe a situation in a public school classroom in which this school of thought might be necessary and appropriate over the others.

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11. Researchers like Watson and Skinner believed psychologists should focus on observable, measureable behaviors.
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Describe a situation in a public school classroom in which this school of thought might be necessary and appropriate over the others.

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12. The Central Nervous System (CNS) in humans is comprised of two structures:

the brain and peripheral nerves
the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
the autonomic and peripheral nerves
spinal cord and peripheral nerves
the brain and spinal cord

Describe in your own words (from your own schemata), the function of each of these structures:
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13. _______________ are branch-shaped structures on a neuron that receive incoming signals from other neurons.

Axons c. Glial cells
Dendrites d. Receptors

From where did these signals originate, and where are they headed? What is their ultimate function?

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MATCH each of the following NEUROTRANSMITTERS with the statement which best describes it. Place the name of the neurotransmitter in the blank next to the statement. Then there is a brief paragraph after each question to complete. PLEASE DO NOT LEAVE ANYTHING BLANK:

Serotonin c. GABA
Dopamine d. Norepinephrine
e. Acetylcholine

14. it is involved in memory and movement; its deficiency is linked to Alzheimer’s disease

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