Lecture for Module 6: Coming to Terms with the Holocaust
My expectation: We have looked at Germany, Romania, the USSR and France and their responsibility in the Holocaust. You will gain a basic understanding about other governments and the Vatican in the Holocaust.
The questions I will ask for each country is
1. What background information is required?
2. What was the county’s record on anti-Semitism?
3. What was the country’s record in the Holocaust?
4. How did Jews survive?
Following the names of each country, I listed key historical figures and terms, as appropriate.
1- Finland
Answer the four question:
historical terms: the “Winter War” (Nov. 1939-June 1940), parallel war,
historical figures: Prime Minister Johann Wilhelm Rangell; Chief of the Finnish State Police Arno Anthoni
__________________________________________________________________
2- Sweden
Answer the four question:
historical terms: a neutral country, Swedish Red Cross. Ravensbrueck Concentration Camp
historical figures: Raoul Wallenberg
_______________________________________________________________
3- Norway
Answer the four question:
historical terms: government-in-exile
historical figures: King Haakon VII, Vidkun Quisling
_____________________________________________________________
4- Denmark
Answer the four question:
historical terms: SS Race and Resettlement Office, Theresienstadt
__________________________________________________________________
5- Italy
Answer the four question:
historical terms: Wehrmacht (German army), co-belligerent, the Republic of Salò, Racial Laws (1938)
“Führer” = “duce” = leader
historical figures: Benito Mussolini
____________________________________________________________
6- The Vatican (the seat of the Roman Catholic Church worldwide)
Answer the four question:
historical terms: Buenos Aires (Argentina), Lateran Accords (1929), concordat, encyclical, ghetto, Venice (adj. Venetian), heretical, ghetto, the Reichskonkordat (Concordat between Germany and the Vatican – 1933), encyclical, Mit Brennender Sorge (1937), Kristallnacht (1938)
historical figures: Jorge Bergoglio (now, Pope Francis), Pius XI (1922-1939), Pius XII (1939-1958)
________________________________________________________________
7- The United States of America
Answer the four question:
historical terms: the “St. Louis” (May 1939), Bermuda Conference (April 1943)
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